Durga Puja Essay

Durga Puja EssayKolkata, the city of joy, as it is known, has been celebrating the Durga Puja since ages. Durga Puja, the biggest festival of the Bengalis, is the worship of Shakti or the Divine Power. As most of the religious celebrations around the world, the Durga Puja also has a novel of the struggle amongst the good and the evil. The dark forces stilltually succumbed to the divine.I can quench remember I use to love the Durga Puja as a bantam child as it was an occasion to get a month long vacation in shoal. One of my oldest memories of the Durga Puja is that of the construction of the huge pandals on the way plump for from my school. My friends and I used to coquet hide and seek in those pandals until some angry uncle would guide us out citing some lame reasons. Another memory board is that of playing with friends from the neighbourhood throughout the day. In fact, the days of the pujas were the entirely four days of the year when I could stay out till evening and i n so far nobody would scold me.According to Hindu mythology, Durga Puja was initially performed in the month of Basanta or spring time. This was known as Basanti Puja. Rama setoff did the worship of Devi Durga in the month of Ashwin, an unusual time for this Puja and hence it is known as Akalbodhan, meaning an uncustomary time of commencement. It is said that hundred blue lotuses are required for this Puja to be a success. He could find only 99 and hence offered one of his eyes as a substitute of the hundredth rose. His devotion pleased Devi Durga who blessed him and he finally won over Ravana, killing him in the work. The battle was belonged on Saptami, generally accepted as the starting day of the Durga Puja, and ended on the period between Astami and Navami, called the Sandikhan, or the time in between. Ravanas body was cremated on Dashami, hold opend throughout India as Dussera, signifying the victory of the good over the evil.Durga Puja dates back to the 16th century, duri ng the Mughal era. Legend has it that the first Durga Puja was organised by king Kangshanarayan of Teherpur in the Nadia district of West Bengal. King Jagatnarayan of Bhaduria soon followed after.Gradually Durga Puja became the great annual festival that brought together family, friends, and neighbours, infusing life into the casual life of the village communities. By the mid eighteenth century, this festival of the Bengalis had become the chief occasion of the filthy rich landlords, known as babus in Bengali, to flaunt their wealth. They invited the Europeans during invariablyy evening of the five-day long event to grace the occasion with their presence and join in their feasting. The presence and participation of the British notables became a matter of surcharge and prestige for their hosts. As per the Calcutta Chronicle there were other notable locals who began to host the British at their Durga Puja.Though there is some(prenominal) confusion about the source of Durga Puja in Kolkata, some believe that the family of Saborno Chowdhury held the oldest Puja in the city, dating back to 1610 near Sakher Bazar in Behala. Other old Pujas include that started by Govindaram Mitra of Kumartuli and the one at the palace at Sovabazar, known as Sovabazar Rajbari, started by King Nabakrishna Deb of North Kolkata.Where individual initiatives declined, collective enterprise came to the rescue even in the former(a) years. Around 1790, 12 Brahmin friends in Guptipara in the Hoogly district of West Bengal, decided to start a community Puja. Subscriptions were raised from the neighbours for the Pujas. This is said to be the start of the outdoor Pujas in West Bengal, popularly known as Baro-yari puja(meaning twelve friends), which gained popularity in leaps and bounds.The Sarvojanin Durgostav, literally meaning everybodys Puja, as we know it today started off more than later in Kolkata in the 1920s.The oldest Sarvojanin Durgostav is that of Bazbazar Sarvojanin, near the bank of the holy Ganges, at Bazbagar.Though the celebrations around Durga Puja lasts over four days, mainly from Saptami to Dashami, the mood of the Durga Puja sets in much earlier in the life of the people of Bengal. It starts with the idol making at the famous Kumartuli, a place famous for its beautiful clay idols of Gods and Goddesses and pottery. The entire process of creation of the idols or murti, as it is commonly known as from the collection of clay to the ornamentation is a holy process, supervised by rites and other rituals. On the Hindu date of Akshaya Tritiya when the Ratha Yatra is held, clay for the idols is collected from the banks of a river, preferably the Ganges. After the required rites, the clay is transported from which the idols are fashioned. An important event is Chakkhu Daan, literally donation of the eyes. head start with Devi Durga, the eyes of the idols are painted on Mahalaya or the first day of the Pujas. Before painting on the eyes, the artisans fast for a day and eat only vegetarian food.Kumartuli is a place which is very close to my grand parents residence. My grandfather used to take me to this place and showed me how idols were made from bamboo, clay and hay.The Sharatkal or the autumn season brings with it the ever known strands of white clouds and light cool breeze which reminds every Bengali of the nearness of the Durga Puja. The Kashful, a flower traditionally associated with autumn and the biggest festival of autumn, the Durga Puja is another image that reminds every Bengali of the auspicious occasion. Then the time comes for Mahalaya. My father used to wake us up at 4 in the morning to hark to the All India Radio where the evergreen voice of Birendra Kishore Bhadra and Pankaj Kumar Mullick still rings in my ears. Earlier it was conducted live besides now a recorded version is broadcasted on the dot on the same time and still it creates the same effect to the listeners.When I was in my junior school, I was a member of the Rama Krishna Mission drama and play team. On the day of Mahalaya we used to enact a play on goddess Durga. I still remember the month long practices before the event. After school I used to go to Rama Krishna Mission for rehearsals of the acts. The sense of achievement after successful enacting of the play was really a memory to cherish. And the ice cream palm from my mother made it all the more memorable.The idol of Goddess Durga has 10 communicates which hold 10 distinguishable weapons used to fight the evil, Asura. It is believed that Goddess Durga got the 10 weapons from 10 dissimilar Gods who gave their weapons to Goddess Durga to combine all their strength to fight the evil, as Asura was unbeatable by any other God. The conch shell in Durgas hand symbolizes the Pranava or the surreptitious word Om The bow and arrows represent energy. The thunderbolt signifies firmness. The lotus in Durgas hand is not in fully bloomed, it symbolizing certainty of success precisely not finality. The Sudarshan-Chakra signifies that the entire world is subservient to the will of Durga. The sword that Durga holds in one of her hands symbolizes knowledge. Durgas trident or trishul is a symbol of three qualities Satwa (inactivity), Rajas (activity) and Tamas (non-activity). Devi Durga chose the king of beasts as her vehicle or Vahana, which signifies the taming of the wildernesses.As a child I used to be a little afraid of the huge lion. My mother used to always say that Goddess Durga would send her lion to punish me if I did some mischief. But gradually as I grew up, I started liking the Vahana of Goddess Durga. In my school, I was even selected as one of the judges for best lion contest conducted by my school.Lighting, in and around the Puja pandals, also form an integral part of this fat decorations. Chandannagar is the destination where most of the big community pujas look to get their sparks done from. Traditionally light bulbs of different colours were us ed to decorate various pandals but nowadays mostly light emitting diodes of various colours are used to save electricity as well as carry out the different intricate collections much easily using microprocessor chips.As a child I was a great fan of one of the Pujas held at College Square. It was famous for its lighting arrangements. As it is one of the most popular pujas which attracts a huge crowd, my father used to take me to visit this puja pandal in early hours when the light would be still on and the crowd also would be less.Ritual drummers or dhakis, as they are commonly known as, also add to the ambience of the Durga Puja. The dhunuchi nach and the beat of the drums is something which goes hand in hand. Many local competitions are held to find out the best dhunuchi dancer and it is really a matter of pride for the Bengali male to render won such a competition.Many Bengali films and music albums are published to coincide with the Puja. Many magazines, like the Anandamela and Shuktara, among others, come up with a extra Puja Special issue just for this occasion. As a child I was great fan of Shuktara and gradually I shifted from the Anandamela to Desh.In Kolkata alone, more than two chiliad pandals are set up, all clamouring for the admiration and praise of the populace. The city is adorned with lights. Traffic comes to a standstill, and indeed, most people abandon their vehicles to travel by foot after a point. A special task force is deployed to control law and order. Durga Puja in Kolkata is often referred to as the Rio Carnival of the Eastern Hemisphere.In my college, I was more interested in pandal-hopping than being a part of my neighbourhood Puja. My friends and I used to go pandal-hopping throughout the day and sometimes even throughout the night. At that time the number of pandals covered used to be a great matter of pride and all my friends tried to compete with for each one other to visit the highest number of pandals.At the end of four day s, the idol is taken for immersion in a procession amid loud chants of Bolo Durga mai-ki jai (glory be to Mother Durga) and aashchhe bochhor abar hobe, meaning it will happen again next year and drumbeats to the river or other water body. This is a happy occasion for some who celebrate by offering sweets to guests and relatives while a sad one for some like me to whom it means a wait of another long year to live over and enjoy the festivities of the Durga Puja.Environmental hazards from the materials used to make and colour the idols pollute local water sources, as the idols are brought directly into the river at the end of festivities. Efforts are current to introduce eco-friendly materials to the artisans who make the idols. West Bengal has been credited by its own environmental agency as being possibly the first Indian State to successfully curb the use of hazardous paints. However, by their own account, only two-thirds of the idols made are currently coloured with eco-friendly paints.During the Puja season emotions are high with thoughts of homecoming, happy reunions with parents and daughters get hitched with to distance places, between brothers separated across the oceans the beat of drums thud across the twilit skyline releasing a fresh boost of life amidst the vicinity numbed by its numerous problems. Everyone tries to forget at least for the four days the hard-pressing reality and utmost practicality of everyday life as they take the welcome run away from routine life and lose their work-a-day identity in the swirl of festivity. Thus Durga Puja indeed plays an integral part in every Bengalis life, which every Bengali save far from his motherland, feels at the bottom of his heart.

Quantitative research

Quantitative look forIntroduction (150)Quantitative look into is the investigation of phenomena that give themselves to exact bar and quantification, which attached a rigorous and controlled design (Polit Beck 2008). Its has main purpose is to measure concept or variables objectively in numerical and statistical process, also family relationship between variables (Parahoo 2006). The look methods argon obtained from research design and generally include specimen, intervention (if applicable), instruments, entropy copion, and data digest (eds. Joyce Meredith 2006). In many instances, the decimal research needs such as questionnaires or interview, computers and large try on sizes.This article is to explore of a quantitative research by Kalij and William (2009) the view of its data objectivity, sample size and selection, process data prayer, data presentation and synopsis, exploitation the relevant references to support this discussion. The objectives are to prove with evidences if the Khalij and Williams field of honor (2009) fulfills the requirements of quantitative research.Objectivity (150)Objectivity is amount of involvement of the researcher relates during the collection and analysis of the data (Marcella n.d.a). Polit and Beck (2008) argued objectivity meant researcher tend to stay away any impression of subjectivity or neutral during study process. Parahoo (2006) explained the data which collected and examine are expected to be free from bias between researcher and participants.It means the researcher is detached or does not active participate from practice and there is no intervention between researcher and participant. Also the participants use the same actual measurements for data collection. shape up the bias of research can be minimized and the objectivity of the study can be maximized.In The Kalish and Williams study (2009) showed that they did not participate and used measurements to collect the data. It showed in their study th at during data collection, they involved staff nurses in four hospitals and used psychometric test tool.Hard data (148)Hard data is quality of quantitative study. Polit and Beck (2008) said that quantitative data are the information obtained during process of study course in a quantified (numeric value). (Janet Houser 2008) argued the other numerical data special patients symptoms put in rank order the racing shells which contained intervals, comparisons between subjects. Other instance the researchers with rigorously designed tools should be able to grasp the reality (Parahoo 2006). For example scale of depression and pain in numeric value.That means the data can be measured and quantified in some way. In the treat practice we invariably face with the hard data. For instance are physical (height, weight, gender), physiological (vital signs, laboratory results, visual acuity), past medical histories, psychological and social or behavior.This data are shown in Kalish and Willia ms study (2009) during their study while collected data sample size, genders, experience, education degree, and work location in quantified data.Statistic (142)Statistic is very important aspect in the quantitative research. After data are collected can be analyzed using statistic and presented in numerical form. Polit and Beck (2008) said that statistic is an estimate of a parameter, calculate from sample data. They emphasized statistics are used to test hypotheses and evaluate the believability of the finding. Researchers usually use statistical computer to expedite calculation and ensure accuracy (ed. Joyce and Meredith 2006). They mentioned statistic methods are used in every process include in the final report to search the correlations, comparisons of means, trend and significance of finding to refute hypothesis. Its reinforce that statistic is one of characteristic in quantitative research.Its applied in Kalishs study process while selecting data sampling and analyzing data which showed in the tables and the data was analyzed by statistical computer, descriptive statistic and inferential statistic.Sample selection (269)Janet Holt (2009, p. 235) said that sampling is the process to select a small group of participant for study with the goal of making generalization from large population based on findings. Polit and Beck (2008) argued that sampling is the process of selecting portion of the population to represent from the entire population element. in that location are differentiation ways in sample selection sampling designs, sample size and sampling steps.Polit and Beck (2008) mentioned that there are two sampling designs probability sampling and non probability sampling. Probability sampling contents simple random, stratified random, cluster and governing bodyic sampling. The non probability sampling has contents convenience, quota and purposive sampling.Janet Houser (2008) explained sample size in quantitative research to determine sample in ade quacy is power. Its an analysis to indicate the large of sample which needed to adequately detect a difference in result variable.Polit and Beck (2008) suggested the steps in this research sampling as follow the population pick out, the specific eligibility criteria, the specific sampling plan and sample recruitment. They emphasized researcher during sample recruitment to gain the participant cooperation use means of courtesy, persistence, incentives, research benefits, sharing results, convenience, and endorsement.This study sample collection was implemented in the kalishstudy. They used random sampling to collect the participant data from four hospitals in different unit. The study used N symbol which designed for the enumerate number, and n symbol is designed for number of subject. They took large sample size with total samples (N=1098). They applied ratio of sample size during sample collection. They gained the participant cooperation which provided incentives (jumbo-sized sw eeten and bar a pizza party).selective information collection (285)Parahoo (2006) said data collection is methods to measure the data sampling which utilized the instrument tools questionnaires, observation instrument and other measuring tools. He emphasized that the methods should be predetermined, structured and standardized. Polit and Beck (2003) developed data collection plan include identifying data needs, selecting types of measures, selecting and developing instruments, pre testing the data collection package, and developing data collection forms and procedures. They stressed Important aspects should be considered while implementing the data collection plans are the selecting research personal and personal and the education data collector.Nancy and Susan (2007) explained data collection is the process of obtaining the subject and collecting the data for the research. They explained five tasks during data collection process recruiting subjects, maintaining consistency, maint aining controls, protecting study integrity, and solving the problem. Structure, quantifiability, obstrusiveness, and objectivity are important elements when selecting data collection instruments (Marcella n.d.a).We have to understand and maintain the important dimension the data collection methods when applied in the data collection plan, and implementing. The obtained data should be accurate, valid, and meaningful to respond the questions.Kalish and William implemented the data collection process in their study. They applied the approaching methods to maintain the important dimensions in data collection such as a tool of missed nursing care and reason for missed care. The Data collection plan used to identify data needs for instance in the describing sample characteristic of participants (table 2.). They construct the tool in their survey to gain the quantify data. While implementing data collection, they selected research personal is staff nurse experts. The training data collect or was done which distributed a copy of tool, informed consent form and a letter explaining the study.Data analysis and presentation (299)Joyce and Meredith (ed. 2006) said data analysis is a systematic method of examining data gathered for any research investigation to support hypothesis. This system implements in the data analysis process the data analysis preparation, the sample description, reliability of measurement test, exploratory analysis conduction, exploratory analysis, confirmatory analysis and posthoc analysis conduction (Nancy Susan 2007).Parahoo (2006) stated analysis data can be obtained from measurement train, and then analyzed with statistical level. He mentioned two statistic levels those are descriptive statistic and inferential statistic. There are several statistical computer programs (SPSS, SAS, LISREL, EQS, etc) which help the researcher to calculate these test statistics and their sampling distribution (eds. Joyce Meredith 2006).Marcella (n.d.b) explained there are two types of inferential statistics are parametric (t-test, ANOVA, Multiple regressions) and non parametric (Chi-square, Rank Correlation, Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis).Quantitative research result may be presented in the tables, charts and graphs (Michael, Patricia Frances, 2007, cited Russell, 2005).In conclusion that data analysis is systemic method of examination data started from data collection which used measurement level then data were analyzed by statistical level and presented in the tables, charts and graphs to support hypothesis.Kalish and Williams study (2009) implemented the data analysis process which utilized measurement level and statistical level which completed using SPSS in their study. First step is checking of data accuracy using ordinal scale. The second is describing sample, they use central tendency and dispersion to test the contrast validity. The third is testing the reliability of measurement, they applied cronbach alpha coefficient. Fourth they conducted exploratory analysis as the extraction technique and varimax as orthogonal rotation method, also analyzed using oblique rotation. Fifth they conducted the confirmatory analysis used AMOS version 16. Last step they used analysis of variance (ANOVA) to conduct posthoc analysis. Result study was presented in the table presentation.Conclusion (118)This essay has tried to explore the Kalish and Williams study (2009) about the development and psychometric testing of a tool to measure missed nursing care. Their study has approached and fulfilled the major requirement of quantitative research characteristics that include objectivity, hard data and statistic.They applied quantitative study process which consists of conceptual, design and planning, empirical, analytic and dissemination phase as suggested by Polit and Beck (2004). They also utilized data analysis process of Nancy and Susan (2008).In general view of Kalish and Williams study (2009) has applied the quantitative r esearch systematically. Improvement progress monitoring was done, but effectiveness overview the tool is still recommended to apply in the base practice for long period.References1. Carol L. Macnee Susan Mc. Cabe (2008) perceptiveness nursing research using research in evidence-base practice, 2nd ed. Philadelphia Lippincott and William a Wolter Kluwer Business.2. Denise F, Polit Cheryl Tatano Beck (2010) Essentials of nursing research appraising evidence for nursing practice, 7th ed. Philadelphia Lippincot William Wilkins.3. Denise F, Polit Cheryl Tatano Beck (2008) Nursing research generating and assessing evidence for nursing practice, 8th ed. Philadelphia Lippincot William Wilkins.4. Denise F, Polit Cheryl Tatano Beck (2003) Nursing research principle and methods, 7th ed. Philadelphia Lippincot William Wilkins.5. Kader Parahoo (2006) Nursing research principles, process and issues, 2nd ed. Hamspire Palgrave Macmillan.6. Janet Holt (2009) Reading research series quantitative research an overview, British Journal of Cardiac Nursing, Vol. 4(5), pp. 234-236.7. Janet Houser (2008) Nursing research reading, using and creating evidence, Jones and Bartlett Publisher, Sudbury.8. Joyce J.F. Meredith W. (eds) 2006, Encyclopedia of nursing, 2nd ed. New York Springer Publishing.9. Marcella Hart (n.d.a) Birthing a research project data collection, International Journal of accouchement Education, Vol. 22(3) pp. 27-31.10. Marcella Hart (n.d.b) Birthing a research project data analysis, International Journal of Childbirth Education, Vol. 22(4), pp. 24-28.11. Michael Coughlan, Patricia Cronin Frances Ryan (2007) Step-by-step guide to critiquing research. part 1 quantitative research, British Journal of Nursing, Vol. 16(11), pp. 658-663.12. Nancy Burns Susan K. Grove (2007) Understanding nursing research building an evidence-base practice, 4th ed. Missouri, Saunders an ingrain of Elsevier.

Trento and Vicenza Essays -- Geography Geographical Papers

Trento and Vicenza?The city of Trento (population 101,000) is fixed in the province of Trento.? The provinces of Trento and Bolzano come together form Trentino-Alto Adige.? Trentino-Alto Adige is the mountain territory of the amphetamine Adige Valley and South Tyrol.? It is within this region that the majority of the Italian Mountains are found.? The area is known for its great scenic beauty.? The City of Trento sits in the valley of the River Adige and lies in the shadow of Monte Bondone.? Monte Bondone is known for its beautiful alpine flora.? Many herbs are collected from the Monte and are used for medicinal proposes throughout the country.? Lago di Toblino is located 16km west of the city.? Lago di Toblino is a beautiful lake that is overlooked by a medieval castle.? There are numerous summer and winter resort areas.? It is very light-headed the see that in that location is natural beauty in Trento, but that is not all Trento is known for.? Trento is lively in history as well .?In its origins there are traces of Celtic influence in Trento but during the 1st century Romans had complete control of the town politically and culturally.? During the Middle Ages Trento found its significance in the fact that it was the geographical link between Germany and Italy.? Trento was an episcopal fief from 1027 until 1802 due initially to an invasion by the Goths, Lombards and Franks.? In the 16th century the city gained projection under the direction of Bishop Bernardo Clesio and Bishop Cristoforo Madruzzo.? While Bishop Madruzzo was presiding Trento served as the meeting place for the Council of Trent.? ?The council of Trent took place between 1545 and 1563.? It marks one of the most significant turning points in the Catholic Church.? The Council was f... ...he theater still hosts theatrical and musical events.? ?The most significant religious building is the Santa Corona.? The Santa Corona was built in the 13thcentury.? It is known for two altarpieces, Paolo Verone se?s, Adoration of the Magi and Giovanni Bellini?s Baptism of Christ.? The church was named after a thorn of the crown of Christ, given by St Louis of France.? This relic can only be seen on Good Friday.? ?The cities of Trento and Vicenza are rich in history, culture, and scenery.? They will make great stops for our travel adventures.? ReferencesBlanchard, Paul.? Northern Italy, From the Alps to Bologna.? A&C Black.? New York 2001. Rogers, Jay. Chalcedon Articles, The council of Trent. http//www.forerunner.com/chalcedom/X0020_15._Council_of _Trent.html Simon, Kate. Italy, The Places in Between.? Barnes & Noble Inc. New York 1984

The Womens Rights Movememnt :: Feminism Feminist Equality Discrimination Essays

The Womens Rights Movememnt Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful, committed citizens can change the world. Indeed, its the only thing that ever has. That was Margaret Meads conclusion after a spiritednesstime of observing very diverse cultures around the world. Her insight has been borne out time and again throughout the development of this country of ours. Being allowed to live life in an atmosphere of religious freedom, having a voice in the government you support with your taxes, living free of lifelong enslavement by another person. These beliefs around how life should and must be lived were once considered outlandish by many. But these beliefs were fervently held by visionaries whose steadfast work brought about changed minds and attitudes. Now these beliefs are normally shared across U.S. society. Another initially outlandish idea that has fuck to pass United States citizenship for women. 1998 marks the hundred-and-fiftieth Anniversary of a movement by women to achie ve full civil rights in this country. Over the past seven generations, dramatic social and legal changes have been accomplished that are now so accepted that they go unnoticed by people whose lives they have utterly changed. Many people who have lived through the recent decades of this process have come to accept blithely what has transpired. And younger people, for the approximately part, can hardly believe life was ever otherwise. They take the changes completely in stride, as how life has forever and a day been. The staggering changes for women that have come about over those seven generations in family life, in religion, in government, in employment, in education - these changes did not just play spontaneously. Women themselves made these changes happen, very deliberately. Women have not been the passive recipients of miraculous changes in laws and human nature. Seven generations of women have come together to affect these changes in the most democratic ways through meetings, petition drives, lobbying, public speaking, and nonviolent resistance. They have worked very deliberately to create a better world, and they have succeeded hugely. Throughout 1998, the 150th anniversary of the Womens Rights Movement is being celebrated across the nation with programs and events taking every form imaginable. Like many amazing stories, the history of the Womens Rights Movement began with a small group of people questioning why human lives were being unfairly constricted. A Tea Launches a RevolutionThe Womens Rights Movement marks July 13, 1848 as its beginning.

World War II :: World War II History

humanness War IIThe Treaty of Versailles faltered to heal the bitter mess that formed between countries in World War I. It left Germany in a terrible position and gave them a desire for dictatorship. Germany had been ordered to disarm its military and put strict rules on when and how the Germans could rearm. In 1931, Adolf Hitler came to power in Germany. He later rejected the treaty and establish military conscription. Mussolini also became dictator of Italy, while this was occurring. He decided to invade Ethiopia in 1935. Since Ethiopia had lesser power than that of Italys, they became under complete Italian control. The news of Germanys rearmament soon reached France. Hitler then became interested in joining the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics in order to protect its security. He then pushed his plan for lebensraum and annexed Austria by force in 1938. Following this, Hitler threatened Czechoslovakia, ordering persecution of the German minorities there. Hitler and Mussolini a greed to the Germans employment of Sudentenland in September 1938. Then in March 1939, peace broke down when Hitler conquered the rest of Czechoslovakia. He soon afterward cabbageed to make orders to Poland, but they resisted at every turn. Notwithstanding the conflict with Britain and France, Hitler decided to invade Poland. In return, Great Britain and France declared war on Germany on September 3, 1939. Hitler made an announcement to start a pact with the Soviet Union. As the Germans occupied Poland, the Soviets invaded the eastern part of the country with plans to take Latvia, Estonia, and Lithuania in 1940. They also took Finland in 1941 and disgrace the Russian military. lacquer was also changing things in the Pacific. They had plans to conquer China and expand the Japanese Empire into southeast Asia. As this was happening, the Germans took on an approach of blitzkrieg, or lightening war. Since the Germans had no old weapons to deal with, they could easily outfit their troo ps with the best of weapons. Hitler then attempted to gain air control over the British Royal stock Force and prepare for an invasion, but the British successfully foiled the German air forces. Overturned with his downfall to take Britain, Hitler turned to the Soviet front, but was defeated as well in 1942. In 1941, the Japanese thought it was the right time to expand into Greater East Asia. The attacks on Pearl Harbor and the Philippines brought the unite States into the war and turned the war for the Allies.

Walker & Everyday Use Essay -- essays research papers

Many propagation an author draws from his or her personal life and incorporates his or her past into the short boloney. Alice footer is unmatchable of the most respected, well-known African-American authors of her time. Alice Walker sensed a lifetime of hardship that would influence her later works, helping her to become such an astonishing author. In her short story "Everyday Use", Walker tells the story of her heritage and enables the reader to encounter the values in her life.           On February 9, 1944 in Eatonton, Georgia, Willie Lee and Minnie dole out gave birth to their 8h child a precious undersize girl whom they named Alice. As an extremely intelligent child Alice was always exploring the world a meter her. "She express that one of her favorite pastimes in the world was people watching." (http//members.tripod.com/chrisdanielle/alicebio_1.html). When Walker was eight years old, she and her brother were play ing a game of cowboys and Indians outside when Alices brother accidentally pee her in the eye with a BB pellet, blinding her in her advanced eye. Although that didnt stop Alice, she went on achieving excellent grades and going on to college. She first attended Spelman College (an African-American institution) on a breakicap scholarship shed been granted. Unhappy with the way Spelmans hard-boiled her for her involvement of activism and civil rights, she accepted a scholarship from Saint Lawrence College in red-hot York. Alice was face up with great difficulties such as abortion and suicide, just now she pulled by dint of and graduated in 1965 kicking off the begging of an unforgettable and ongoing career. (http//members.tripod.com/chrisdanielle/alicebio_1.html)     By distinguishing the family-oriented round characters in the short story "Everyday Use", Alice Walker illustrates the common mistake of placing the association of heritage solely in mat erial objects. Walker presents mummy and Maggie, the younger daughter, as an example that heritage in some(prenominal) knowledge and form passes from one generation to another through a learning and experience connection. However, by a broken connection, Dee, the older daughter, represents a misconception of heritage as materialistic. During Dees visit to Mama and Maggie, the contrast of the characters becomes the conflict, because Dee... ... family values, Mama takes the quilts from Dee who "held the quilts securely in her arms, stroking them clutching them nigh to her bosom" (Walker, 91) like sacred representation, and then gives them to their rightful owner Maggie. After Mama gives Maggie the quilts, Dee says, "You just dont understand," "Your heritage" (Walker, 91). Dee believes heritage and family values to be materialistic things. Dee understands that the quilts were hand-made, but she lacks the knowledge and history behind these quilts. On the oth er hand Mama and Maggie understand the meaning of the quilts and know that they were made for everyday use. Ironically, Dee criticizes Mama for not discretion heritage when, in fact, Dee fails to really understand her own heritage. Dee mistakenly places heritage wholly in what she owns, not what she knows. Work-CitedLiving By Grace. Danielle, Chris. 1999. Tripod. 03-10-2005. http//members.tripod.com/chrisdanielle/index.htmlWalker, Alice. "Everyday Use". belles-lettres An Introduction to Reading and Writing Sixth Edition. Ed. Edgar V. Roberts and Henry E. Jacobs. New Jersey Prentice-Hall, Inc., 2001, 360-365. Walker & Everyday Use Essay -- essays research papers Many times an author draws from his or her personal life and incorporates his or her past into the short story. Alice Walker is one of the most respected, well-known African-American authors of her time. Alice Walker experienced a lifetime of hardship that would influence her later works, helping he r to become such an astonishing author. In her short story "Everyday Use", Walker tells the story of her heritage and enables the reader to encounter the values in her life.           On February 9, 1944 in Eatonton, Georgia, Willie Lee and Minnie Grant gave birth to their eighth child a precious little girl whom they named Alice. As an extremely intelligent child Alice was always exploring the world around her. "She said that one of her favorite pastimes in the world was people watching." (http//members.tripod.com/chrisdanielle/alicebio_1.html). When Walker was eight years old, she and her brother were playing a game of cowboys and Indians outside when Alices brother accidentally hit her in the eye with a BB pellet, blinding her in her right eye. Although that didnt stop Alice, she went on achieving excellent grades and going on to college. She first attended Spelman College (an African-American institution) on a handicap scho larship shed been granted. Unhappy with the way Spelmans treated her for her involvement of activism and civil rights, she accepted a scholarship from Saint Lawrence College in New York. Alice was faced with great difficulties such as abortion and suicide, but she pulled through and graduated in 1965 kicking off the begging of an unforgettable and ongoing career. (http//members.tripod.com/chrisdanielle/alicebio_1.html)     By distinguishing the family-oriented round characters in the short story "Everyday Use", Alice Walker illustrates the common mistake of placing the association of heritage solely in material objects. Walker presents Mama and Maggie, the younger daughter, as an example that heritage in both knowledge and form passes from one generation to another through a learning and experience connection. However, by a broken connection, Dee, the older daughter, represents a misconception of heritage as materialistic. During Dees visit to Mama and Ma ggie, the contrast of the characters becomes the conflict, because Dee... ... family values, Mama takes the quilts from Dee who "held the quilts securely in her arms, stroking them clutching them closely to her bosom" (Walker, 91) like sacred representation, and then gives them to their rightful owner Maggie. After Mama gives Maggie the quilts, Dee says, "You just dont understand," "Your heritage" (Walker, 91). Dee believes heritage and family values to be materialistic things. Dee understands that the quilts were hand-made, but she lacks the knowledge and history behind these quilts. On the other hand Mama and Maggie understand the meaning of the quilts and know that they were made for everyday use. Ironically, Dee criticizes Mama for not understanding heritage when, in fact, Dee fails to really understand her own heritage. Dee mistakenly places heritage wholly in what she owns, not what she knows. Work-CitedLiving By Grace. Danielle, Chris. 1999. Tripod. 0 3-10-2005. http//members.tripod.com/chrisdanielle/index.htmlWalker, Alice. "Everyday Use". Literature An Introduction to Reading and Writing Sixth Edition. Ed. Edgar V. Roberts and Henry E. Jacobs. New Jersey Prentice-Hall, Inc., 2001, 360-365.

Sexual Identity in Africa Essay -- Sexual Issues

A passionate subject, a cultural and universal practice, a pop out of the human nature and a divine attribute bestowed upon man by his creator. No culture is superior to another when it comes to sexuality, its acts is everywhere. It doesnt tack the face of any culture or change modernity from moving forward. Sexuality, sexual harassments, sexual dimorphism, sexual orientation, sexual intercourse, gays, lesbians, sexual preferences, sexual rights, sexual selection, sex appeal, being sexy, an endless list of each phrase, concisely coming with one source word Sex. Sex has been a necessity, even though it is hardly ever discussed. In time past, in every part of the globe, there has always been a universal acknowledgements of the act SEX. Socially, it is an act a man and woman (wife/wives) engaged in after fulfilling the appropriate pairing rites. Politically, in ancient history and in present times, it was and still is the ultimate weapon of seduction that gave/gives most of our prom inent women power over their male opponents. oer the years, sexual activities have grown to affect our lifestyles and perspectives (life views) to a great extend. In distinct parts of the world, the concept of sexual expressions and identities took diverse forms. The forms cut across beliefs, religions, perceptions, chaste standard and even politics. However, certain things were settled for. According to N.M Heckel, in medieval times, Sex was measured, as it is now, to be a normal and natural part of life. close authorities agreed that it was not intrinsically sinful because God would not have made such a necessary activity to be a taboo (without sex one cannot have children and fulfil the commandment to increase and multiply, and repleni... ...tisfree/cifamerica/2011/nov/02/america-problem-sex-educationHoeksema, S. Inclusive Sex Education Needed in African Schools. 11th Nov 2011, twenty-fourth April 2012. Web. Heckel, N. Sex Society and Medeival Women. 24th April 2012. Web. h ttp//www.lib.rochester.edu/camelot/medsex/text.htmMeston, C, Ahrold, T. Ehtnic, Gender and Acculturation influences on Sexual Behaviours. DOI 10.1007. 2008. Print. Mirrer, L. Women Jews and Muslims in the texts of Reconquest Castile. University of Michigan press. Michigan. 1996. Print. Neary, L. Homosexuality in Africa is Still a Taboo. twenty-second February 2010. 26th April 2012. Web. AUN students. Personal Interview. 14-14th April 2012.Wikipedia. Premarital Sex. 24th April 2012. Web.